Ask the Expert Understanding Barrett's Esophagus

Barrett's esophagus is a condition that not only increases the risk of developing esophageal adenocarcinoma but also poses significant challenges in both diagnosis and management. In a recent session with Smart Patients, Dr. Sri Komanduri, the Associate Chief of Gastroenterology and Hepatology and the Director of Endoscopy at Northwestern Medicine and a key figure at the Esophageal Cancer Action Network shared valuable insights into this precancerous condition. 

This conversation revealed a sense of concern and urgency regarding the high prevalence of undiagnosed Barrett's esophagus cases and the potential risk of progression to esophageal cancer. Members expressed interest in exploring how esophageal cancer is diagnosed, understanding more about hiatal hernia and its implications before and after an esophagectomy, variations in Barrett's esophagus in its development, and ablation procedures and success rates.

Join us as we explore the key elements of Barrett's esophagus, under the expert guidance of Dr. Komanduri:

Barrett's esophagus is a precancerous condition that affects a significant number of individuals and can potentially lead to esophageal adenocarcinoma, a type of esophageal cancer. The prevalence of undiagnosed Barrett's esophagus cases is alarmingly high, with an estimated 90% remaining undetected. This means that over 100,000 Americans are currently at risk for developing esophageal cancer due to chronic reflux disease.

Common symptoms of Barrett's esophagus include frequent heartburn, difficulty swallowing, and chest pain. However, it's important to note that some individuals may not experience any symptoms at all, making regular screening crucial for early detection and prevention of progression to cancer.

Risk factors for developing Barrett's esophagus include chronic acid reflux (GERD), obesity, smoking, and a diet low in fruits and vegetables. Individuals with a family history of Barrett's esophagus or esophageal cancer are also at an increased risk.

Arming ourselves with knowledge about Barrett's esophagus, its symptoms, risk factors, and the importance of regular screening is essential. Early detection and proper management can significantly reduce the risk of progression to esophageal cancer, which has a relatively poor prognosis if not caught in its early stages. By staying informed and proactive about our digestive health, we can effectively prevent or manage Barrett's esophagus, potentially saving lives and improving overall quality of life.